General Information West Nile Virus is a mosquito-borne virus that has been found in parts of Asia, eastern Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. The virus was first detected in the United States in 1999 in New York City. The majority of people and animals infected with the virus have a mild illness or no symptoms. In rare cases, the virus can cause a more serious condition called ENCEPHALITIS, an inflammation of the brain. The elderly are at a higher risk for disease caused by West Nile virus activity. Of the 66 confirmed human cases of West Nile virus in the eastern U.S. in 2001, nine died. The virus is expected to move further westward during 2002. West Nile virus is transmitted to people and animals by certain species of mosquitoes, that acquire the infection by feeding on a bird. Very few mosquitoes are actually infected. Humans and horses are accidental hosts for the virus. Human-to-human transmission does not occur. The virus is most prevalent from May to October, during mosquito breeding season. |